Evidence of Sea Star Monocytes Evolving in Phagocytes: Observations in T.E.M in Asterias Rubens

Michel Leclerc

Immunology of Invertebrates, Orléans University, France

*Correspondence to: Dr. Michel Leclerc, Immunology of Invertebrates, Orléans University, France.

Copyright © 2022 Dr. Michel Leclerc. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Introduction
Observation of sea star Asterias rubens T and B lymphocytes have already been performed in TEM [1,2]: it was asserted by biochemistry and biophysical assays. Second sea star platelets [3] were so observed.

In a third time, we confirm the existence of sea star Monocytes which, mainly, evolves in Phagocytes corresponding to vertebrate macrophages.

Materials and Methods
Sea star Asterias rubens were obtained from the Marine Institute of Arcachon (France)

Axial organs (A.O) were excised and:

a) Either the whole cellular population was conserved and so observed in TEM
b) or the whole A.O was separated into B and T cell subpopulations according the well-known method of Julius and al [4].

Cells were fixed with glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer as precedently described [1]

No post-coloration was operated.

Observations were done with a Hitachi Microscope.

Results

We observe a reniform Nucleus (N). Besides of it: azurophiles particles smaller than 0,2 µ,

These particles may correspond to lysosomes villous digitations which evoke ciliatures (2) and a small phagosome are present.

We see a circular cell with a nucleus containing fine chromatine. The cell diameter is about 4-5 µ. Azurophile particle are always present.

We see a circular cell with a nucleus containing fine chromatine. The cell diameter is about 4-5 µ. Azurophile particle are always present.

Conclusion
The sea star Asterias rubens presents T and B lymphocytes, Monocytes, Macrophages and Platelets, in T.E.M observations. The evolution of Monocytes in Phagocytes, resembling to evolution of macrophages, in Vertebrates was shown in this work through 3 Figures.

Bibliography

1. Anteunis, A., et al. (1985). Immunocompetent cells in the starfish Asterias rubens. An ultrastructural study. Cell. Biol., Int. Rep., 9(7), 663-670.
2. Leclerc, M. (2012). Humoral Immune Responses to Various Antigens in the Asterids: A. gibbosa and A. rubens. Amer. J Immunol., 8(4), 196-199.
3. Leclerc, M. (2019). Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Science, 3(11), 32-33.
4. Tokuda, Y. (1999). Fisheries Science, 65(3), 347-352.