Gut Microbiome and Diabesity in the Era of COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review and Perspective

Amr Saeb, T. M.

Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of medicine, King Saud University, KSA, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Amr Saeb, T. M., Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of medicine, King Saud University, KSA, Saudi Arabia.

Keywords: Obesity; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Diabesity; Gut Microbiota; Dysbiosis; Eubiosis; Prebiotics; Probiotics; Antibiotics; FTM; Synbiotics; COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; Pandemic; Metagenome; Viral Infections; Microbiome

Abstract

Diabesity is a modern epidemic and is commonly considered as a unique entity that indicates the co-occurrence of both T2DM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes, and obesity. Often, obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) share an origin, risk factors, and pathophysiology. This condition has been labeled as a deliberate poison, which impact cannot be either controlled or cured. This impact can be aggravated in the era of COVID-19. One important intervention is the dietary intervention, which is considered to be a feasible and effective resolution to both diabetes onset and obesity. The scheming of a smart diet and modulating gut microbiota of the host can aid in weight reduction/management, stabilizing blood sugar levels, and improve the host’s immune response. Alterations in the state of eubiosis (dysbiosis) of gut microbiota and its products are associated with a broad range of metabolic disorders such as T2DM and obesity. The main aim of this review is to construct an up to date comprehensive multi-audience review on gut microbiota in relation to diabesity patients and their possible role in the onset, development, and establishment of the disease, especially in the COVID-19 times. Furthermore, presenting contemporary research and investigations aiming to modulate gut microbiota and the understanding of the probable clinical consequents from the knowledge of this system. This information could aid in the improvement of the clinical management of such a complex condition in the COVID-19 epoch.

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